India is home to over 70 to 80 percent of the world’s tigers. Many programs and projects have been initiated by the government of India for the conservation of the Tiger population. The Project Tiger was launched in 1973 by the government of India under Indira Gandhi’s Prime Ministership at the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand. The initiative aimed to ensure the survival of tigers in India. At the Petersburg Tiger Summit in 2010, thirteen tiger range countries including India participated with the intent and a commitment to take all necessary steps for tiger protection and double the tiger population worldwide. The Tiger Population in India in the year 2023 has reached 3,167. The seven finest tiger reserves in India are Bandipur Tiger Reserve, Karnataka; Jim Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttarakhand; Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, Andhra Pradesh; Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh; Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan; Sunderban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal and Periyar Tiger Reserve in Kerala. Bandipur Tiger Reserve which was the first Tiger Reserve in India while today the combined areas of Guru Ghasidas National Park and the Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary have been designated as the newest Tiger Reserve of India in 2023. This is the 53rd Tiger Reserve in India and is located in Chhattisgarh. Guru Ghasidas National Park was the last known habitat of the Asiatic Cheetah in the country. It connects Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh and provides a corridor for tigers to move between Madhya Pradesh’s Bandhavgarh and Jharkhand’s Palamau Tiger Reserves. The Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve, is the seventh in Madhya Pradesh and the 54th in India. MP retained the “tiger state” status in the 2022 census with the number of big cats in the state rising to 785 from 526 in 2018. About 1,414 sq. Kms. in the tiger reserve has been included in the core area and 925.12 sq. kms. in the buffer zone. The Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary in Goa will be officially designated as a tiger reserve, becoming the 55th tiger reserve in India. Located 52km. away from Panaji, the sanctuary covers a huge area of 208 sq. km. of the Western Ghats with high biodiversity. This sanctuary is known for the recent spotting of Bengal tigers and hence, is being considered for being elevated to the status of a Project Tiger Reserve. In this run, according to the officials of the Bihar Forest, Environment and Climate Change Department, the officials have been working towards obtaining the National Tiger Reserve Conservation NTCR Authority’s approval for declaring Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary as Bihar state’s second tiger reserve at the end of 2023 or early 2024. Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary will become Bihar’s second tiger reserve after the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR). Bihar’s sole tiger reserve in West Champaran district, close to the border of Nepal, currently can manage nearly 50 tigers. Forest officers said the need for a second reserve arose as the VTR reached its saturation point. Shergarh Fort and 58 villages will be in a buffer zone of 1,050 square kilometers. These regions have been excluded from the core zone of the proposed tiger reserve, informed a senior forest officer. It is important to mention that NTCA had raised objections to the department’s earlier proposal. “The exclusion of certain areas from the core zone was made due to NTCA objections. The Kaimur district has the highest 34% green cover in Bihar. The Kaimur forests are connected to forests of the neighbouring states of Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.